According to the latest announcement from Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC), in 2023, category-based selection under the Express Entry system will prioritize candidates with strong French proficiency. The new selection system will also prioritize experience in occupations expected to have shortages from 2022-2031, based on Canadian Occupation Projection System (COPS) data from Employment and Social Development Canada (ESDC). The COPS projections consider existing job openings, labour supply (unemployment), and new labour demand and supply (from retirements, economic growth, new graduates, and immigrants).